Aspen SKUA is a suite of software providing geology-driven modeling solutions. With these advanced solutions, you can quickly and accurately construct models appropriate for multiple applications, including flow simulation, drilling, and imaging. Afterward, incorporate results from these applications to improve your models.

 

 

Overview

Aspen SKUA V14.5 delivers significant functionality and productivity improvements, including the following highlights:

•        Continued improvements in performances to open projects

•        Improved Crossplot 2D to support an additional data series for benchmarking with reference data

•        New Reservoir Fracture Modeling functionalities to model discrete fracture networks and upscale them to a reservoir grid

•        Extended 3D Restoration functionality with more options to select targets for restoration steps and

save the project when you compute the restoration

•        Improved Well Planning workflow to enhance user experience and flexibility

•        Enriched Python API for read-write access to PointsSet, Curves, Surfaces, and other point-based objects

•        Extended Macro capabilities by enabling inclusion of Python code into the macro sequences

•        Secured and enhanced connection to OSDU Data Platform from the OSDU/ETP Connector dialog box

New Features and Enhancements

Foundation Modeling

Improved Crossplots

The Crossplot 2D window was reviewed for a more user-friendly experience and improved productivity:

•        Added support for an additional data series named Benchmark, enhancing data comparison capabilities.

•        Access to the Style Editor was improved, as well as the layout of styles to edit the data and plot display. As a consequence, the Category selector was removed.

•        Performance enhancements have been done, resulting in 2.5x the speed for displaying crossplots on large objects and manipulating polygons.

•        The flow to create regions from polygons was improved and extended to work on either a filter or a dynamic region for single objects.

Global Usability Improvements

•        Improved usability of property selector defining outputs. A general usability fix for the property selectors used to define command outputs in the dialog box has been completed. For example, when you define the output property names for computing the CO2 storage capacity, or when you upscale the fracture set to a reservoir grid, you no longer have to retype the property name if you change the parent grid object. Previously the selector was cleared and you had to retype the property name.

•        Improved Tip Messages. When activating an interactive tool, such as deleting an object's part or a node that you pick in the view, the Tip message box in the task bar is now automatically displayed so you can see more easily which tool is active and the instructions to proceed. You can hide or show the Tip message at your convenience.

Performance Improvements

•        Performances to open projects on remote disks. If you work with projects containing SKUA models and linked flow simulation grids, opening and saving the project has been optimized. On average, we observed a time gain of 50% to open the project and 80% to save the project (if the data has not been modified). Note that the performance gains are more visible when you work with projects saved on remote disk and are heavily dependent on your network configuration.

•        Performances to compute distance to objects. The Compute Distance to Surface command has been strongly optimized. Depending on datasets, we observe up to a 30x speed increase to compute the distance to faults or wells on a geologic grid.

•        Stereonet performances. In the Stereonet window, you can now limit the number of data samples to be added to the stereonet. Limiting the number of data samples results in better performance when analyzing large datasets.

•        Memory management for displaying large images. The memory required to display images was reduced by half, allowing the display of even larger images. For example, displaying a GeoTiff image of 1.6GB now requires only 6 GB of memory, compared to 15GB in previous versions.

Miscellaneous Changes

•        In the Create Surface from Grid Region dialog box, introduced in V14.2.1, you can now copy properties to the created surfaces.

•        The Compute Vertical Thickness Between Surfaces dialog box interface was revamped for clarification and enhanced user experience. With this change, the closed option was renamed Compute thickness with surface itself and fixed to work as expected.

•        When you rename a compartment in the Compartmentalization Editor, the associated regions are now renamed automatically. This eliminates the need for manual renaming, saving time and reducing the risk of inconsistencies. The rename occurs when you apply the changes to compartmentalization and only on regions that were created by the Create Compartmentalization Regions command, accessible from the shorcut menu on the compartment property.

•        In the Well Path Table, new columns for Inclination, Azimuth, and Dogleg Severity (DLS) were added.

•        In the Calculate Zone Value dialog box:

  You can now choose to calculate the True Vertical Thickness of well zones instead of the thickness along the well path that you could previously compute.

  In addition, when computing the Net Thickness, you can now use any log, such as a Gamma Ray log, and specify minimum and maximum thresholds. Values within the specified threshold will be considered in the net pay zone. Note that you can still input an NTG log that you previously computed, in which case you must select the log and not set any threshold.

•        Usability improvements when editing points, curves, or surfaces were performed.

The commands to delete or keep a selected part in the PointsSet, Curve, or Surface > Tools > Part menu were reorganized to avoid any confusion. In addition, the Tip message box (that is now automatically displayed) shows the active tool. Finally, a confirmation window for keeping a single part (and deleting all others) is now displayed before executing the action.

When you delete a node using the PointsSet > Tools > Node > Delete command, you can now undo the action. The command remains applicable to any point-based object (points, curves, or surfaces). To restrict to a specific object, we recommend using the Digitization/Editing Toolbar, accessible by double-clicking the object in the view.

•        New reporting units and property types

  GPa unit was added to Pressure and Stress property types.

  The units deg/10m, deg/30m, deg/100ft and more were added to the Angle Per Length property type.

  The Inverse Volume property type was added with units such as 1/m3, 1/(m^2*ft), 1/km3, and more.

Maps, Cross Sections, and Well Viewers

•        Displaying images in maps and cross-sections is now possible. For the image to be properly displayed, make sure of the following:

  The voxet support must have its axes properly aligned along horizontal or vertical axes. We recommend using the Voxet > Tools > Adjust Image Geometry dialog box to rotate and rescale the image.

  For cross-sections, the view should be created from the 2D Voxet section. The easiest way to do so is to right-click the image in a 3D Viewer, and then select Open Cross Section.

Interpretation Modeling

•        You can now only apply a band-pass frequency filter on a seismic grid attribute.

  In the Compute Instantaneous Attributes dialog box, a new Recomputed amplitude option was added. This option simply copies the original attribute and applies the frequency filters that are defined in the Advanced settings.

  To access the dialog box, select Voxet, Seismic Line, or 2D-Grid > Interpretation > Instantaneous Attributes in the menu bar.

SKUA Structure, Stratigraphy, and Fault Analysis

Structure and Stratigraphy Workflow

The detection and management of Issue Reports that are raised during the modeling worfklow was improved:

•        Intersection between a fault and a well not defined with a marker is no longer reported as an issue.

•        Duplicated markers are now automatically ignored when you create a fault network, create fault blocks, or model horizons. An issue is still reported so you can review the markers that were ignored and manually clean them if necessary.

•        Collocated markers is no longer reported as an issue.

•        A fault preventing the construction of fault blocks no longer blocks the horizon modeling process. The fault is now automatically ignored and reported to users as a new issue report, Fault cannot be modeled; it has been ignored, for further investigation if needed.

Computing Fracture Probability

To help you define the rock material properties required to compute the fracture probability in a geologic grid, the following changes were made:

•        The default Fractures values when you create a classification were updated to be more consistent with

values found in the bibliography.

•        In addition, refer to the Help for a table that provides the typical ranges by rock type.

New Fracture Modeling Process

New discrete fracture modeling functionalities were introduced to model Discrete Fracture Networks (DFN) and assess the fracture permeability in a reservoir grid.

•        A new Fracture Set object was introduced to model and visualize DFN.

  Fracture Set objects are designed for fast visualization and easy geometry editing.

  Fracture Set objects carry built-in properties describing the fracture geometry (height, length, aperture, dip, azimuth, and more) that you can analyze with any standard Aspen SKUA analytics tools.

  Editing the built-in property values, for example using a property script, will modify the Fracture Set geometry.

  Fracture Set orientation can be added and analyzed in the Stereonet; add the data either by using the normal or dip/azimuth properties.

•        In the Fracture Set menu bar, commands to create and upscale fracture sets in a reservoir grid were added:

  Create Fracture Set within Grid: Generate a fracture set within a grid from a spatial distribution of fracture intensity, length, orientation, aspect ratio, and aperture. The command is accessible from the New menu.

  Create Fracture Set from Point Set: Create a fracture set from point coordinates and given fracture geometry. The command is accessible from the New menu.

  Upscale Fracture Sets to Grid: Compute the equivalent fracture permeability and other flow parameters within the reservoir grid from fracture sets. The command is accessible from the Tools menu.

•        Fracture Sets can be exchanged via RESQML format.

•        For compatibility with third-party applications, you can convert the fracture sets to triangulated surfaces using the Surface > New > From Fracture Set command.

Sequential 3D Restoration (Kine3D-3)

•        In the Sequential 3D Restoration workflow:

  In the Define Kinematic Model panel, you can now create of kinematic mesh from a GMSH file.

  In the Compute Restoration panel, it is now possible to automatically save the project at the end of each restoration step by selecting the Save Project check box.

  In the Define Kinematic Constraints panel, the Select target for each restoration step table has been enhanced to allow the selection of a horizon as the restoration target. This feature enables restoring using a reference horizon older than topography. Additionally, the user interface has been improved to facilitate the visualization of either the stratigraphic units or the selected target horizon for each restoration step.

  In the Tectonic Analysis panel:

•        The handling of the drawing styles of faults was improved, especially after the selection of a property to show.

•        The formerly-named properties, Throw_cumulated and Throw_incremental are now renamed as Dip-slip_cumulated and Dip-slip_incremental, to better reflect their true nature and to be consistent with other Aspen SKUA tools.

•        The overall management of the scale multiplier style parameter was improved. It is now correctly taken into account when the user adds a new horizon to the selection.

•        In the Kinematic Mesh > Tools > Create Dip and Azimuth Property and Compute Fracture Orientation from Tensor commands, the output properties are now created with the Angle property type. You can change the reporting units in your preferences to express them in radians instead of degrees. Note that if you have property scripts using these properties, they should be adapted for values in degrees (default unit).

SKUA Structure Uncertainty

•        The automatic guess for vertical variogram range for projects using the Feet depth unit is now correct.

Well Planning

•        The Edit Wells panel within Well Planning workflow, has been redesigned to enhance user experience:

  You can now edit the Well Location and KB elevation when you edit the well. Previously from the workflow, you had to return to the Create Well panel, delete and recreate the well at the new location.

  When modifying the well trajectory, you can now select the new Show dogleg severity violations option, allowing for automatic computation or updates of areas where the dogleg severity (DLS) constraint is violated. Note that the DLS values along the well path are now available in the Well Path Table. For more information, refer to Miscellaneous Changes in this document.

•        The Well Drilling Parameters template has been modified to enhance flexibility and user experience:

A new Conductor Type selector has been added, simplifying input for straightforward cases like Vertical conductors. For more advanced configurations, such as accessing Nudge parameters, select Custom.

The Dogleg Severity (DLS) parameters have been separated into two categories:

•        The Well Profile DLS parameters, used as input for building the well profile

•        The DLS violation threshold parameters, which ensure compliance with the DLS requirements

A new Azimuth and inclination parameter has been added to control the well profile's angle towards a single target. This parameter is optional, and you can choose to keep the default computed value.

•        For a single target well, this parameter is a way to control the well shape before the kickoff. Disable the option to design a J-Shape well. Enable the option to design a S-Shape well.

•        If you have multiple targets, you can only design S-Shape wells. If you input an azimuth or inclination, this will apply to the last target.

•        A new command to create a new Target Set object from two or more other targets is available in the

Well Planning > New > TargetSets > From Existing Targets menu.

Exchanging Data

OSDU/ETP Connector

•        In the OSDU/ETP Connector, the login sequence was updated for an improved user experience.

  You can now review the data server to which you are connected and manually disconnect without closing the window.

  You can define profile templates in your user preferences so you don't have to enter the service details at each connection.

•        A new connection type, named Aspen OSDU Connector, is now available for you to connect to an OSDU instance. This mode is compatible with a secure login service developed by AspenTech.

Scripting and Automation

Batch Usage

•        When starting Aspen SKUA in command line, the --no-visible-ui option is now deprecated and will be behave the same as --no-ui, for which setting -platform minimal is not required for running on clusters with no graphic cards.

•        A new option, --batch, is now available for running Aspen SKUA without a user interface. Unlike --no- ui, this option starts the application faster and with reduced memory usage by bypassing the load of GUI-dependent libraries. However, it supports only a limited set of batch-enabled commands. If your command sequence includes non batch commands, such as workflow replay, use the --no-ui option instead of --batch.

Python API

•        The Python version supported by Aspen SKUA was upgraded to Python 3.12.1, allowing compatibility with the latest Python tools, libraries, and security patches.

•        The command to install Python packages has changed and now requires the --user argument for a proper installation in your user home directory.

•        The Python API was extended with new Points, Polylines, and TriangleSurface classes to access the point-based objects (point sets, curves, surfaces, and more). The API supports both read and write access to the object geometry, properties, and regions. For more information, refer to Aspen SKUA Scripting Help > Python Scripting Interface > User Guide section.

•        You can now embed Python code in Macro sequences. This enables you to develop a user interface to Python scripts and share them with other users and projects. For more information, refer to Aspen SKUA Scripting Help > Automate Tasks with Macros > Using Python in Macros section.

•        Improved access to properties

  You can now read the X, Y, and Z property values on skua.Grid objects using the get_values()

and get_values_in_region() methods.

  For time or rock properties, you can now access the property group using the .property_group attribute on the Property class. In addition, when you drag a time property from the Objects browser to the Python Editor, you now directly access the property for the current time step.

Previously you were accessing the property group, which should be used for managing the property (copy, rename, delete), but not for accessing the property values.

•        In the Python Editor, in the User Scripts tab, you can now copy the file path. Right-click the file in the list, and then select Copy Path.

•        For more information about the new methods and attributes in this release, refer to Aspen SKUA Scripting Help > Python Scripting Interface > Release Notes section.

Command Scripts

•        The version of Tcl was upgraded to 8.6.13

•        When running a CLI command with exclusive Boolean parameters, if one is explicitly set to true and the others undefined, the value for the others is now automatically set to False. Previously it was reverting to the default value which could be True.

•        A new command, Export Results, to export the entire content of the Results table is now available in the Macro menu.

Developer Kit

•        Porting plugins to Aspen SKUA V14.5 requires an update of compilers, platforms, C++ support, and CMake build system. Check the SKUA Basic Programmer's Guide for further details.

•        Several deprecated classes and functions were removed.Check the SKUA Basic Programmer's Guide for a comprehensive list.

•        A new KdTree class is now available. This class enables fast searching for the nearest points to a given point or finding points within a specified radius around another point.

•        The Boxell class implementation has been improved to provide faster searches in static mode.

Software Fixes

Foundation Modeling

•        In the Initialize Region from Geologic Feature dialog box, when creating a region from features that contains multiple surfaces, the choice of surfaces to delimit the region is now predictable, whereas previously it was selected arbitrarily. The region is now defined below the lowest top surface and above the highest bottom surface.

•        In the Edit Property Settings dialog box, editing the Interpolation method on multiple well logs now works as expected.

•        In the Create Curve from Well Log dialog box, creating curves with the Even sampling option selected now works properly.

•        In the Create Curve from Curve Region dialog box, a refresh issue in the 3D Viewer preventing the display of the created curve was fixed.

•        Several fixes to make the Crossplot 3D window style editing functional were performed.

  The tools in the toolbar to manipulate the view and the style settings, such as the background color or compass visibility, now work as expected.

  Modifying the view styles no longer changes the scaling of the crossplot.   Tools not relevant to this window were removed.

•        In the Compute Geothermal Potential command, an issue causing an unexpected exit when selecting

Compute per unit area maps with 2D Grid corner point maps was fixed.

•        In the Macro Player workflow, an issue causing an unexpected exit when plotting values exceeding 10^15 has been resolved. Now, the data are plotted, but the corresponding axis is not displayed, and an error message is sent to users. To restore axis visibility, reduce the order of magnitude by adjusting the reporting units in your user preferences.

Maps, Cross Sections, and Well Viewers

•        The error message related to the missing "views2d_well_correlation" license was removed. The message was inaccurate and did not impact the software's functionality.

•        An issue was fixed when reopening a cross-section view within a scene. Under specific conditions, the scene was only partially restored and a manual refresh of the view was required. The view is now immediately restored.

•        When created from 2D-Grids, Surfaces, and HorizonGrid, a naming issue of the map was fixed. The map name could contain special characters, which was preventing proper navigation within the view, such as zoom in or fit to view. The fix applies to newly created maps or existing maps in a project.

•        When defining a logo in the legend box, the size of the image is now correctly preserved. Previously, the logo size was always reset when reopening the legend setting, requiring redefing the size.

Sequential 3D Restoration (Kine3D-3)

•        Fixed a project archive corruption that occurred when defining a restoration target from a property. Projects saved in earlier versions remain unrecoverable.

•        Fixed the unexpected exit that occurred when reloading a project with a workflow opened on the

Tectonic Analysis panel and displaying the XY movements.

•        Fixed the unexpected exit that occurred when reloading a project with a kinematic mesh build using a GMSH file.

•        Fixed compatibility issues of kinematic meshes exports as IXM files to TemisFlow products.

•        Fixed the unexpected exit that occurred after deleting a restored kinematic mesh, and then using the same restoration workflow again.

•        Fixed an unexpected exit that occurred when navigating to the Compute Restoration workflow panel before creating the kinematic mesh in the Build Geometry at Present Day panel.

•        Properties of kinematic meshes computed after restoration are now correctly removed when the restoration is reset.

•        In the Restoration 3D Viewer, the Kinematic toolbar, allowing you to browse the restoration time, is now properly displayed when highlighting a kinematic mesh in the Objects browser. In addition, it is now synchronized with the Check Restoration panel view. This toolbar was not displaying properly in Paradigm 22.

Data and Trend Analysis

•        In the Data and Trend Analysis workflow, you can now use more than 32,000 wells and access the blocking options after mapping data to the grid.

•        After editing a log, you can now perform data blocking again.

•        You can now transfer a spatial Vertical Trend Curve (VTC) or Vertical Proportional Curve (VPC) onto a voxet with the first axis as Time or Depth.

Reservoir Properties

•        In the Geostatistics commands, a performance issue when conditioning the simulation to data by a property existing on the grid and enabling the Use data assignment option was fixed. Note that in this case, as the conditioning data is already on the grid, the data assignment method is ignored by the algorithm.

•        From the Reservoir Properties Workflow, you can now generate a report when there are spaces in

either the Workflow or Journal Directory folder names.

•        In the Reservoir Properties Workflow, when editing the channel parameters for Fluvsim, you can now choose between defining the channel width by its value or by the ratio to the length. This makes switching from one mode to another easier. Previously you had to enter -1 for the unwanted values.

Reservoir Uncertainty (Jacta)

•        The unexpected exit when running a simulation when the Jacta model regions are not finalized has been fixed. This error is now correctly managed and the following warning message "Layer definition seems to be incomplete. You may have to edit the Stratigraphic Layering and rebuild the Jacta Model" is now sent to users.

•        The region created during property simulation per layer and per rock type, where the domain name includes the facies name, is now correct.

LGR and Upscaler

•        Renaming an LGR grid now works properly.

•        The geometry of stair-step grids that were coarsened using the Flow Unit Analyzer dialog box (accessible from the SGrid > Rescaling menu) is now correct in the vicinity of faults.

Well Planning

•        You can now specify a dogleg base length different from deg/10m. Previously, other DLS base lengths, such as deg/100ft or deg/30m, were automatically reset to deg/10m when editing the well or calculating dogleg severity violations. Additionally, you can now enter values greater than 10.

•        When entering parameters in the workflow, the value field no longer shows a red background after moving the cursor out of the parameter field.

•        When defining a nudge, the azimuth of section before the nudge is no longer offset by 180 degrees when the nudge depth is negative.

•        The Well Location depth of the created wells, as displayed on the Info page of the Style Editor, now matches the KB elevation value. Previously, it defaulted to 0 unless the KB elevation was below sea level. This change resolves issues when accessing the well location through Python or JS scripting APIs.

Exchanging Data

RESQML/ETP

•        When saving a log belonging to a log set to RESQML, the name of the log set is now correct in the .epc file. If the log is independent of any log set, the log set will still be named after the auto-generated name "WellName_frame_LogName". For example, "w1_frame_Porosity".

•        When importing a discrete property with a description of categories named "facies" from RESQML, the classification is now properly rebuilt in Aspen SKUA.

•        When the voxet is not assigned to a survey, regions on the object are now correctly exchanged via RESQML.

•        You can now import unstructured grids with 'prism' elements. Note that the elements will be set to 'polyhedral' if you export the grid later from Aspen SKUA.

•        When a property is set as a thickness map, this information is now properly transferred when exchanged via RESQML between Aspen SKUA projects. Information is currently transferred with a meta-data as this information is not supported by the RESQML standard yet. In addition, to facilitate the exchange of thickness maps via RESQML/ETP with other applications, such as Aspen RMS, a new command Create Formation Objects From Thickness Maps was added to process the thickness maps so that they are stored on individual objects assigned to the corresponding stratigraphic unit of the thickness map.

•        Error messages that appeared when exporting wells with well completions imported from Eclipse have been removed. However, please note that exchanging well completions via the RESQML format is still not supported.

•        When exchanging data via ETP, such as in the OSDU/ETP Connector dialog box:

  Objects assigned to fluid contacts, cultural, formations, fluid formations, and fractures are now properly classified in the table of data to import or export and the feature information is preserved during the exchange.

  An issue preventing saving well data to a dataspace, with the reported error "Request failed: n Missing reference(s)" has been fixed. This error was specific to some projects where the stratigraphic column in the context had inconsistent scenarios.

Other Import/Export

•        You can now import Z-Map files with the DATA keyword, enabling direct import of map files exported from Aspen RMS.

•        Importing horizon interpretation point sets from a column-based file now works properly if the file is not sorted by the object's name.

•        A specific issue resulting in importing empty LGR grids was fixed.

Scripting and Automation

•        Editing the view settings of a cross section through CLI commands now works as expected.

•        In the Python API, the following has been fixed.

  You can now get the entities defined within a Folder list using the .children attribute. This was already working for other types of lists.

  Accessing discrete property values now works as expected. These properties work the same as any other property for read and write access.

•        An issue with the execution order of commands when running JavaScript (JsScripting) from a Command Script has been fixed.

Developer Kit

•        The function ResQMLImportExportAPI::read_resqml2_file now reports the imported objects properly when you call the function multiple times.

Deprecated/Retired Features

In this section, you will find the list of add-ons and functionalities in Aspen SKUA that are no longer supported (deprecated) or retired (removed from application).

Retired Features

•        Fracture Modeling (FracMV™) add-on was removed. The functionalities are replaced by new commands in menu bars. For more information, refer to Fracture Modeling in this document.

•        GOCAD™ Structural Uncertainty (Alea™) add-on was removed. Instead, we recommend that you use the SKUA Structure Uncertainty Workflow, a more recent approach for structural uncertainty that takes into account fault and velocity uncertainty.

•        Production Data Uncertainty add-on was removed. Instead, we recommend that you run an Aspen Big

Loop™ workflow.

•        Production Risk Assessment Jacta–3DSL Connection and Production Risk Assessment Jacta–3DSL

Connection and Production Risk Assessment Jacta–FrontSim Connection add-ons were removed.

•        SKUA OpenSpirit Connection add-on was removed. Instead, we recommend that you exchange data with the RESQML data standard.

Deprecated/Obsolete Features

•        Inversion Refinement is now considered a deprecated module. Instead, we recommend that you use the 3D Geostatistical Operations Workflow for Interpreters in Aspen Epos Applications.

•        Solid 1.0 object is deprecated. Instead, we recommend that you use Solid 2.0 objects, which take advantage of a more adaptable and optimized data structure.

•        --no-visible-ui option when starting Aspen SKUA in command line is now deprecated. Use --no-ui instead.

•        Balance Cross Section is now considered a deprecated workflow.

 

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