Aspen Mette is a powerful platform for performing thermo-hydraulic calculations used in the upstream oil and gas industry. Its calculation speed makes it an indispensable everyday engineering tool. 

 

 

 

 

It can be used for multiple tasks including:

Integrated flow assurance.

Make concept dependent production profiles.

Quantifying effect of system parameter changes on production.

Production network optimization.

Determine effect of artificial lift on production.

Find optimum set points to achieve production targets.

Transient analysis.

Virtual metering to estimate well phase flow rates.

Create best estimates for M/E balances over field life.

Estimate life of field variation in need for hydrate inhibitor/gas lift usage/pressure boosting.

Find impact of subsea separation on production.

The following calculation modules are available:

1.Well and Flow Line performance

Well and flow line performance calculations.

Profile data.

Gas-lift analysis.

Calculate itemset-point values.

VFP tables.

2.Network performance

Characteristics.

What-if scenarios.

3.Tune and Calibrate

Calibrate multipliers to match predicted and observed responses.

4.Life of Field Simulation

Life of field optimized network solutions.

Coupled to multiple reservoir processes.

Events for dynamic boundary conditions over field life.

Determine system over potential for different scenarios.

Automated well opening to determine drill schedule.

Interface to service networks for complete system analysis.

Find optimum set-points to achieve production targets.

5.Transient analysis

Transient momentum and temperature calculations.

Heat-up and cool-down for insulation and inhibitor needs.

Effect of choke collapse and inadvertent valve openings.

Blow-down for flare rates and liquids produced to sump.

Forces and dynamics for predefined start-up slug lengths.

6.Virtual Metering

Calculate in situ well flows from sensor measurements either online or offline.

Use with PID module for set point determination.

Building Blocks

To enable Aspen Mette input data in the form of flow paths, fluid properties, network topology, item/sensor parameterizations are required.

Key input files in Aspen Mette include:

Item specification file. Parameterizations of items like chokes, compressors, pumps, heat exchangers etc.

Wall specification file. Parameterizations for pipe walls.

PVT data. Fluid property data, either as black oil parameters or as OLGA format property tables.

Branch file. Well and flow line trajectory descriptions with item locations and definition of fluid property files.

Network file. Defining well and flow line interconnections and which items to use for parameterizing networks.

Run file. Containing all required information to perform a network simulation, virtual metering or transient calculation. Holds all events executed during a simulation.

Case file. Defines multiple simulation scenarios which are submitted for background calculation.

Dependent on option selections input may be required for Rheology file. Contains data like yield stress, shear dependent viscosity and parameters for Pal and Rhodes emulsion model.

Mapping file. Describes one to one branch mapping between a production and service network.

Tank model file. Defines wells belonging to a tank and pointer to a file holding production data for the tank.

Production data for tank file. Holds data for prediction of formation pressure and phase fractions for a given tank.

Time series file. Describing explicit time dependent changes in boundary conditions for transient simulations.

The different simulation modules in Aspen Mette is briefly described below.

Branch Performance Module

The branch performance module is used to calculate responses of wells and flow lines from user defined boundary conditions.

Inlet pressure and flow

Outlet pressure and flow

Inlet and outlet pressure

Use multiple boundary conditions including variations in GOR, WC and items set points to get datasets easily available for visualization.

Aspen Mette supports use of multipliers for key parameters like diameter, heat transfer number and phase densities making it simple to see the effect on system behavior.

Profile data visualizing changes along the flow trajectory is readily available as an option.

Effects of gas lift use can be investigated to see the effect of setting depth and volumes used. The required lift gas delivery pressure and sweet point is calculated.

Item set-points can be calculated by specifying flow rates and in- and outlet pressures.

Calibration multipliers are available for adjusting key thermo-hydraulic parameters like roughness, phase densities, oil viscosity and phase slip factors. The multiplier settings can be permanently stored to relevant branch files for use with other simulations.

The branch calculation module is also available via a free Excel add-in using the powerful pivot table functionality in Excel.

Network Performance Module

The network performance module is used to simulate network responses for a single set of well inlet conditions. Use it to calculate well delivery performance to a defined junction point in a network together with delivery potential for the downstream (chain of) flow lines to a given target pressure. The calculations are carried out for a range of junction pressures. This is useful for determining the operating point for a system. Carry out what-if simulations with use of different constraints as well as use of items like pumps/compressors/gas lift using defined power settings or amounts.

Tune and Calibrate Module

Use this to perform tuning or adjustment of key calibration multipliers to match observed (measured) system behavior to simulated responses.

Life of Field Simulation Module 

The network simulation module in Aspen Mette is an indispensable engineering tool for expedient solution of mono- and multiphase flow systems. It relies on a very fast and robust algorithm with demonstrated capability.

Use Aspen Mette to create concept dependent production profiles for different development alternatives. Get life of field mass, momentum and energy balances. Calculate optimum valve set-points, power and gas lift use for fields in production. Determine well routing, effect of pigging and scheduling for infill wells or third-party tie-backs. Quantify effect of boosting equipment and determine when added energy is needed. See effect of subsea separation, optimize gas lift use and minimize inhibitor requirements.

Well boundary conditions are given by reservoir simulation data providing phase fractions and reference formation pressure. Additional internal and external network pressure and flow constraints are user specified. The constrained problem is solved using multiple controllers based on chokes, gas lift, pumps, compressors, heaters and/or coolers as items.

The calculation speed of Aspen Mette is impressively high. Life of field simulation times are typically measured in minutes. Using Aspen Mette type tank models concept dependent multi case production profiles can be made very fast.

The network solution reflects full convergence at all network junctions accounting for defined constrains, fluid systems and applied items (actuators). The well and field production potentials are calculated in parallel with the constrained case.

Multiple interfacing networks can be calculated simultaneously. Two relevant examples are gas condensate fields with continuous network distribution of MEG injected or gas distribution to gas lifted wells.

Well boundary data from reservoir simulations can be provided from file or via duplex communication with multiple reservoir simulation processes. For the latter case Aspen Mette feeds back guide rates to the reservoir simulation(s). The well guide rates are used as set points for the next time step. Aspen Mette currently supports interfacing to the ECLIPSE (Open ECLIPSE protocol), IMEX/GEM and MORE (REX protocol) reservoir simulators.

Transient Simulation Module

Aspen Mette includes a module for transient momentum and thermal simulations of single- and multi-phase fluid systems. As an option, Aspen Mette allows the momentum to be calculated at steady state while thermal mode applies a transient schematic. This is relevant for some types of simulations to save time. The transient module is very flexible in defining initial conditions using the efficient implemented steady state pre-processor. The system can also be initialized by manually defining properties, such as temperature, pressure and phase fractions along the flow trajectory. Functionality for PID control and phase front tracing is included in the module. Impact of critical flow is taken into consideration. A system set up for steady state simulations is directly applicable for transient analysis purposes by including time series definitions of boundary conditions.

Typical applications for transient simulations include:

Start-up and shut-down for insulation and inhibitor needs.

Depressurization for flare and liquid disposal volumes.

Consequences of choke collapse and inadvertent valve openings.

Well start-up with gas lift for required pressures and volumes.

Closed loop circulation of dead fluids for heat-up purposes.

Estimating start-up slug forces on bends from predefined slugs.

Tracing of gas or liquid fronts along flow trajectory.

Virtual Metering Module

Virtual Metering (VM) calculates flow rates from steady state measured sensor data in wells and flow lines. The functionality includes use of measured quantities for comingled flows like total oil, water and gas produced. Aspen Mette employs metering groups consisting of all wells contributing to specific comingled quantities. Well flow rates are calculated using an iterative vector (mass rate) search approach. Flows of oil, gas and/or water are used as free search variables to minimize the difference between measured and calculated sensor responses.

Dependent on fluid system, water and/or gas or oil fractions may be kept constant during calculations. This model-based approach to multiphase metering is highly cost effective with a single computer capable of serving a large number of wells. It is well suited for use in combination with multiphase meters and can exploit sensor data from these meters.

The event module in Aspen Mette can be used with VM to activate/deactivate sensors, change sensor weight factors and dictate fixed fractions. Result data from the VM calculations can be performed online to a data acquisition system or offline with post processing of batch data.

With known well phase fractions, the powerful network module in Aspen Mette can be employed to calculate optimized item set points like valve positions and gas lift use to meet defined production targets. The Aspen Mette VM and forecasting modules can be employed in combination as an advisory system and/or in a closed loop PID control. The flow results from Aspen Mette VM are formatted to be applied directly in simulation mode for reservoir history matching purposes.

Events

Events are a powerful feature integral to Aspen Mette. Events are used to change boundary conditions, well and network configurations, opening/closing/routing of wells, activating/deactivating items and much more. Events are executed during simulation time, enabling realistic life of field scenarios in a single run.

An event consists of a conditional test based on:

Time and/or

Measurable values for given parameters

A condition is combined with actions to execute if the event condition is fulfilled:

New targets/constraints

Opening/closing of wells + re-routing

Redefinition of well configurations

New network configurations

Change of item parameter values

Setting of new facility parameter values

Auto opening of wells to maintain production profile

Events can be used for simple tasks like defining new pressure targets or for more complex actions like determining the need for opening new wells to maintain a target production rate within defined drill windows or loading new configuration files with different control structures.

Different events can be grouped into parallel or sequential event series. Multiple event series can be defined for a simulation.

 

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