نرم افزار Permedia محصول هالیبرتون جهت تجزیه و تحلیل سیستم های نفتی و تکنولوژی مدل سازی حوضه در مطالعات مخزنی، از جمله مهاجرت مایع و شبیه سازی پر شدن مخزن، پیش بینی ترکیب سیال، پتانسیل سنگ منشا و تجزیه و تحلیل های پیچیده ارائه شده است. این نرم افزار می تواند شرکت های نفتی بالادستی را در ارزیابی ریسک های اکتشافی، کاهش خطا در پیش بینی پتانسیل مخزن و بهینه سازی توسعه میدان کمک کند. این نرم افزار شامل یک شبیه ساز حوضه  برای Forward Model فشار و دما است که به عنوان ورودی برای شبیه سازی مهاجرت نفت استفاده می شود.

 

 

بررسی نرم افزار Permedia:

 

 

Welcome to Permedia Software

Permedia software delivers petroleum systems analysis and modeling technology for basin to reservoir scale studies, including fluid migration and reservoir filling simulation, fluid composition prediction, source rock potential, and seal analysis. The technology can help upstream oil companies better evaluate exploration risk, improve confidence in predicting reservoir potential, and optimize asset development.

Permedia Viewers

Permedia™ Viewers software is a low-cost, high-value tool for data mining, QC, and browsing. Whether you are a geologist, geochemist, reservoir engineer, basin engineer, or petroleum systems modeler, the software will give you a whole new perspective on the complex plumbing of petroleum systems. Co-render and analyze data from multiple packages and across all length scales, from well, reservoir, basin, to the entire region. Integrate data from Landmark's OpenWorks® database and disparate packages from a variety of vendors with drag-and-drop ease.

The software includes a full OpenGL-accelerated 3D visualization environment, a suite of map editing and analysis tools, a Well Viewer for analyzing well and wireline data, as well as powerful reporting tools for querying and analyzing data and post-processing simulation results.

Key workflows

Data integration - view all of your data, no matter what the source or scale, in a single environment. Drag and drop data from a variety of packages and Landmark's OpenWorks® database, without needing to import or convert the data, reducing the risk of corruption or unnecessary duplication. Permedia Viewers software supports all major well, map, volume, mesh and cultural data formats.

Quick prospect ranking - Permedia Viewers software includes standard tools for rapid assessment of depth horizons, including:

closure identification and analysis

trap volume analysis

fill-spill analysis

petroleum generation and expulsion

These tasks are performed using Map Viewer. Map Viewer also includes transformations and options for creating point and polygon data from maps and creating maps from other types of data.

Map analysis and adjustment - maps are one of the most common datatypes used in any modeling workflow. Permedia Viewers software includes powerful mapping tools that make it easy to create, query and manipulate map data. Perform basin model pre-processing, including interpolation, extrapolation, kriging, smoothing and refining, and fixing crossed grids. Additional tools include filling holes, coordinate and unit transforms, mathematical operations, and more.

Data analysis and manipulation - the software includes a suite of tools for transforming and extracting data from objects, and plotting object properties:

Create maps from mesh depth horizons

Extract mesh data along well trajectories and compare with observed well datasets

Extract mesh data coincident with a mapped horizon

Extract and analyze mesh property data through time

Extract maps from meshes, both layer properties and isosurfaces

Plot time-based mesh properties

Perform interactive pressure and temperature extracts from any basin mesh

Use mathematical operations to manipulate and combine map and volume data

Create subsets of map and volume data through "sculpting"

Resample and convert co-ordinate units

Convert from one format to another, or one data type to another, e.g., meshes to volumes, pointsets to maps, tabular data to wells

Permedia Petroleum Systems 1D

Permedia™ Petroleum Systems 1D software is an easy-to-use and comprehensive set of tools for conducting 1D basin modeling and wireline processing in frontier exploration areas and shale field developments.

Start from actual well data or a spreadsheet and build 1D basin models, perform well and source rock analysis, and create pressure from wireline studies. Use the software to model sediment maturity, source rock properties, thermal histories, and rock property evolution, alongside traditional wireline processing.

Integrate data from dozens of data sources to provide spatial context and extended analysis capabilities. Load horizons, seismic volumes, basin or reservoir models and calibration tables to compare modeled and observed data.

Using Permedia Petroleum Systems 1D software's scripting support, add equations and custom scripts to calculate any number of log curves on the fly based on existing log curves, or other data added to the scene.

Key workflows

1D basin modeling - model sediment maturities, heat flow, compaction, source rock potential and any number of derived properties based on your own workflows. Most 1D basin modeling packages are limited to starting with a spreadsheet entry of well information. With Permedia Petroleum Systems 1D software, start modeling with actual well data, and perform studies in the context of both the well's spatial positioning and wireline data collected on the well.

Pressure from wireline - using the software's scripting support, derive pore pressure from wireline data using a variety of commonly used techniques.

Shale properties - calculate brittleness index and other properties from wireline data.

TOC from DlogR - calculate present-day TOC from a new variable - DlogR - and a level of maturity (LOM). The DlogR variable is calculated from an equation that includes sonic, resistivity and their respective baselines. As both sonic and resistivity tend to drift with depth, the baselines need to be re-adjusted at periodic intervals in the well. You can adjust the baselines and immediately see their impact on the results. By adding horizontal breaks throughout the well, you can perform independent baseline adjustment for different regions of the well. Additionally, DlogR uses an interactive gamma ray cutoff to limit the calculations to regions of interest.

Permedia Petroleum Systems

For basin modelers, Permedia™ Petroleum Systems software provides the ideal toolkit for quantifying volumes and fluid properties, and evaluating petroleum containment potential and emplacement patterns. And the same set of tools can be used to evaluate petroleum flow and emplacement ranging from core to basin scales. Easy to use, with similar workflows at each scale of investigation, Permedia Petroleum Systems software can model 3D, multi-scale, multi-million gridcell petroleum transport in a matter of minutes.

The software provides a complete end-to-end 1D, 2D and 3D petroleum systems workflow, with the fastest, most advanced migration simulator in the industry, basin pressure and temperature simulators, as well as many supporting technologies that complement these workflows - all on a platform that can be extended with plugins and scripts.

Key workflows

Permedia Petroleum Systems software provides an end-to-end 1D, 2D and 3D petroleum systems workflow:

Build detailed Earth models - build an Earth model from a set of stacked horizons, add missing sections, assign rock and source properties to horizons, view interactive burial histories and 2D cross-sections, and generate 2D and 3D meshes.

Build basin models - forward model pressures and temperatures to create sophisticated basin models quickly and easily. Alter rock properties using custom reactions. Use lithology maps and volumes and Permedia Petroleum Systems software's unique lithology mixing engine to obtain true lithological heterogeneity, giving far more geologically realistic results while reducing subjectivity and complexity.

Perform source and seal analysis - take the output from any basin modeling package and generate a dozen different source and seal scenarios. This can literally save days of processing time and will help you better assess exploration risk by basing your decisions on the evaluation of different scenarios. Generate one or more source rock scenarios from a basin model output, scale threshold pressures when generating migration scenarios, or calculate additional properties using equations or scripts.

Petroleum migration - with close to ten years of development, Permedia Petroleum Systems software's migration simulator is unmatched in its speed and sophistication. Run simulations natively on basin meshes from all major basin modeling packages, track component origins using tracers, and add any number of custom reactions (e.g., secondary cracking and biodegradation).

Post-process simulation results - answer key business questions using the most advanced post-processing tools in the industry: what is the distribution and composition of the fluids in my trap? What is the true 3D fetch area of the trap? Where did the hydrocarbons come from? When did it fill, and where did it leak or spill to? Includes a detailed mass audit - determine the mass of hydrocarbons that are generated by individual source rocks in a model, by layer and by lithology, and determine the percent of expelled light or heavy mass that is retained in a model to evaluate the overall "leakiness" of a petroleum system.

Permedia Pore Pressure

Permedia™ Pore Pressure software provides a flexible set of tools for conducting pore pressure studies, which can aid in understanding basin-scale paleo-pressure evolution. The software models the influences of pressures on trap integrity and sealing capacity, reservoir quality and maturation, and migration efficiency in the petroleum system, which provides significant advantages to prospect evaluation and pre-drill analysis.

Each tool can be used individually, or in conjunction with Pore Pressure Integration, a fast, interactive and easy-to-use tool for combining pressure data from multiple sources.

Key workflows

Pressure from wireline - using the software's scripting support, derive pore pressure from wireline data using a variety of commonly used techniques.

Pressure seeding - distribute observed pressures to any reservoir, field or basin scale mesh. There are many reasons why you might want to do this, including:

You're interested in present-day pressure distributions for drilling risks. Basin models emphasize paleo conditions and their workflows may not be relevant to the types of questions you're being asked to solve.

You have a modeled estimate of pressures, but would like to bring these values in line with observed data.

You're a basin modeler and you want a quick way to see the pressure effects of different facies and property distributions in your Earth model, prior to running a full basin simulation.

You have a high-resolution, complex model that you want to use for a pressure study, such as a model from the Gulf of Mexico containing complex salt bodies.

The results can be combined with other techniques for conducting pore pressure studies.

Calculate pore pressure from 3D seismic velocity data - load pressure data from a variety of sources, define regions in the data volume and apply different calibrations to each. Define calculations using equations and scripts. All the calculations are displayed on a single screen, providing an end-to-end view of what was previously a complex series of calculations involving many intermediate volumes. Make changes to intermediate volumes and view results immediately - no need to manually rebuild the complete series of volumes.

Integrate pore pressure data from multiple sources - integrate basin-, reservoir- and core-scale pressure data and perform any complex, volume-based calculation.

Permedia CO2

Permedia™ CO2 software provides a comprehensive set of tools for CO2 storage prospecting, and injection and storage simulation. Prospect for sites, and then evaluate both the short-term risks and long term fate of stored CO2.

Key workflows

Storage site prospecting - with even the sparsest data, quickly gain understanding of the storage potential of caprocks that may act as significant trapping surfaces for migrating fluids at the regional and reservoir scale using Permedia software's prospect analysis workflows. The software features easy-to-use tools to conduct fill-spill, closure and fetch, and fault and fracture analysis. Evaluate trap volumes and establish locations for potential well placement.

Injection simulation - Permedia CO2 software couples robust reservoir, CO2 migration and black oil simulators with an easy-to-use interface. These are integrated through a single wizard (CO2 Dashboard) to help users set up simulation parameters and runs with easy-to-follow workflows.

Storage simulation - whether modeling in complex fractured reservoirs (In Salah), highly heterogeneous storage sites (Sleipner), or on truly regional scales while honoring high resolution data (Weyburn), Permedia CO2 software provides the best matches to observations, insights on storage site behavior, and helpful predictions of risk profile. The software includes simulators to match the timescales and length-scales required for any CO2 storage simulation. Understand the origins of CO2 in a petroleum system. Match storage monitoring data. Predict the long term fate and risks of a storage site in the post-operational phase.

Permedia Suite

Permedia™ Suite software incorporates all of the post-processing, basin modeling and pore pressure capabilities of the Permedia Viewers, Permedia Petroleum Systems and Permedia Pore Pressure applications, and adds reservoir fluid modeling to provide the most complete petroleum systems modeling package in the industry.

Using Permedia Suite software, upstream oil companies can quickly and reliably evaluate the viability of their petroleum exploration and production efforts, improve exploration success, and optimize asset development. Featuring simulators for basin modeling, petroleum migration, reservoir fluid mixing, pore pressure and temperature, and reservoir filling, Permedia Suite software can be applied to virtually any project, however complex, including deepwater, unconventional, shale gas and liquids, high pressure/high temperature, conventional, and more.

Key workflows

Shale gas and liquids - Permedia Suite software features a comprehensive set of tools to model emerging workflows for unconventional resources, including shale gas, shale oil, and biogenic gas. Perform source rock evaluations and TOC prediction to locate sweet spots. Use the scripting support to calculate geomechanical and petrophysical properties of shales.

Reservoir filling - integrate well, petrophysical and seismic datasets, then forward model emplaced fluid volumes, evaluate containment potential, and perform filling sequence evaluations.

Reservoir fluid continuity assessments - model fluid mixing to establish the likelihood of reservoir compartmentalization for appraisal and development projects.

Charge history and fluid emplacement evaluations - integrate basin-scale and reservoir-scale processes for prediction of the distribution and quality of fluids within reservoirs.

Predict non-hydrocarbon gas distribution - estimate time scales for mixing of non-hydrocarbon (e.g., CO2) and hydrocarbon gases in a reservoir to predict distribution and evaluate controls.

Geochemical surveillance studies - create detailed fluid distribution models and use these to model time-varying attributes of produced fluids in production settings.

The following matrix shows the modules included with the various versions of Permedia.

 

 

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