KAPPA Emeraude is the leading provider of Dynamic Data Analysis software, training and consulting services. Data are analyzed on whatever scale is available, from high frequency, high resolution transient data through low frequency, low resolution rate data in production analysis and on into full field history matching and vertical description using production log and formation test analysis.

General Data

Open hole logs are loaded for depth matching purposes and to complement the cased hole log (CHL) interpretation. Also, a deviation survey is used quantitatively in PL interpretation and brings important qualitative information for the interpretation of other logs.

In addition to traditional Open hole (OH) logs, borehole images, Cement logs including CBL, VDL and Impedance maps and any other array data type, typically DLIS files, can be loaded to supplement the CHL analysis.

If saturation and porosity logs are also loaded, Emeraude will automatically create a track displaying the formation fluid volumes.

Load CHL Data

Passes and stationary data are loaded from LIS, DLIS, LAS and ASCII files.

Automatic tracks are built to give an instant view of the log data, whilst customized views can be created through the use of snapshots and templates, permitting fast navigation through the data.

Array data type can be loaded directly (DLIS files) or created at the loading stage from individual/multiple LAS or .csv files. This is the default data format for DTS, MFC and Noise data.

Define Reference Channels

The reference channels will be used to compute the PVT properties and also in the regression during zone rates calculation.

In Emeraude, pressure temperature and any relevant hold-up or density channel need to be defined. If more than one pass is selected, a lateral average will be applied.

Thermal/DTS

Increasingly, wells are completed with fibre optic distributed temperature sensors (DTS). Even in a conventional PL job, the spinner may fail or give an erroneous response under certain circumstances such as counter current or high viscosities. If the thermal properties of the fluids, completion and formation are known it is possible to perform quantitative production or injection profiling.

Coupling energy and mass balance equations, Emeraude offers methods for production and injection profiling and annular leak detection. Also, Emeraude incorporates specific formulations for Water Injection Fall-off (warmback) and steam injection.

Due to the broad application and various types of models used in thermal/DTS data, a specific workflow was developed. Visit the Thermal page to learn more about thermal solutions in Emeraude and Rubis.

Completion Description

Multi-Finger Caliper (MFC) statistics including penetration and reduction are based on the nominal pipe diameters (ID, OD). The user needs to enter the details for all logged pipe.

Data Loading

Noise data is typically acquired at stations to reduce the noise induced by cable movement, not representative of the fluid. These stations may be very finely spaced and hundreds recorded.

Emeraude can load time-driven .csv or las files with changing depth. Stationary data is automatically identified from the cable speed or depth variation. For memory jobs, it is possible to load noise and depth data from different files and synchronize these by applying time shifts.

Sigma Definition

The logged sigma represents a volume-weighted response of the different formation components (fluids, matrix, shale). The user enters the sigma values for all the components of the system.

Data Loading

Cement logs from sonic or ultrasonic tools can be loaded in Emeraude in LAS and DLIS format. Emeraude automatically identifies the relevant mnemonics of the main Cement evaluation tools in the industry.

Data Loading

Thickness data from Ultrasonic or electromagnetic remote-field eddy currents (single barrier) tools can be in LAS and DLIS format. The pipe nominal parameters and required to extract pipe statistics.

Selective Inflow Performance (SIP)

In a multirate PLT, the well is logged at different surface rates. For each choke setting, the contribution of the zones and corresponding bottom hole pressures will change. Plotting the bottom hole flowing pressure versus the contributions for each zone, it is possible to obtain an IPR curve for each producing layer, and therefore quantify important reservoir parameters, such as reservoir pressure, productivity index and absolute open flow.

In Emeraude, an SIP analysis can be made with a few clicks. Pseudopressures can be used for gas. An unlimited number of SIP’s can be created and compared. Each zone can be assigned a different model: straight line, C&n or L.I.T. The SIP can use the total, phase or total liquid rate. Data may be downhole or from surface. Pressure datum correction and composite IPR’s are available.

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